Gender Discrimination And The Current Number Of Female...

Summary â€Å"Universally, only 4000 of the 130,000 commercial airline pilots are women, out of which only 450 are captains†, this remained constant since the 1970s. The main drive of my research project was the curiosity to know why this number hasn’t increased. Historically, women have confronted various challenges which have resulted in setbacks to their participation in the industry. Through my research, I was able to analyse and eliminate false factors which articulated to why there are so few female pilots. My outcome is high in quality due to its multi-faceted arguments that discussed how gender discrimination and the role of women in society influence the current number of female commercial pilots. These factors continue to have a significant impact along with social perception and stigma of planes and piloting still lingering around â€Å"its man a job†. E1 Insightful evaluation of the research processes used, specific to the research question. The foundation of my research was based off a list that I prepared on of what I knew about women in aviation and what I would like to know. This developed the framework upon which a range of research processes was conducted. The research process of secondary researching and literature review helped me accomplish my intentions to refine my topic. I conducted a wide-range of reading to broaden my understanding of women in aviation. This topic is embedded in social behaviour, however the findings of the scientific research were ratherShow MoreRelatedSarbashree Rayamajhi. En_101-A. Professor Jay Petrillo.1635 Words   |  7 Pagesbeen a part of aviation since earliest days yet they are in less number. From E.Lillian Todd, who designed aircraft in 1906 to Kate McWilliams, youngest pilot for the commercial airline, women have always contributed in aviation. Even though world’s gender split is 50.4% male, the disproportion of females in aviation is very disturbing as it is only 6% female and 94% male pilots.One of the main reason of this major disproportion is gender stereotype in aviation and high cost of pursuing aeronautics.TheRead Moregsdfxc1660 Words   |  7 PagesImagine you are an I/O psycholog ist hired by Organization X to help them create a selection system for hiring pilots to fly commercial planes. Organization X has undertaken a rigorous job analysis and tells you that the following characteristics are typical (and desirable) in selecting commercial pilots: Important Extremely Important Cognitive Ability Perceptual speed Time sharing Number facility Spatial orientation Information ordering Memorization Visualization Deductive reasoning Read MoreWomen During The Civil War1757 Words   |  8 Pagesinto the effectiveness of expanding the role of women into combat. Women have proven that they are able to withstand the demands of military life and the United States Army recently had two female Army Rangers graduate. But to understand where we are now, we must look back on how this increased confidence in females in the Service began. Possibly, the greatest and most visible contributions were during World War II. During World War II, women in the United States were very rarely seen in the militaryRead MoreDelta Airlines : A Powerful Global Company1418 Words   |  6 Pagescompany. Delta Airlines began in 1924 as Huff Daland Dusters, which was a crop-dusting and mail service operation and the first commercial agricultural flying company in existence. C.E. Woolman purchased Huff Daland Dusters in 1928 and changed the name to Delta Air Service. The company then had its first passenger flight the following year, which carried five passengers and one pilot. After four years of suspension of passenger flights, they resumed in 1934 and renamed the company once again to Delta AirlinesRead MoreUsing the Chrm Decision-Making Framework, Consider an Organisation’s Actual or Potential Shrm Response to Influential Factors and Link Them to the Organisation’s Internal Hrm.3043 Words   |  13 Pagesthreats. Using a SWOT analysis potential problems were discovered and verified in the organisat ion. They are: * Knowledge management - Migration of senior managers leads to loss of tacit knowledge * Gender Diversity - Although women make up 41.7% of the work force only 3% of pilots are female * OHamp;S - Unsafe working conditions with smaller cabin crews and fewer staff available for flights Using CHRM, HR managers are able to devise and implementation a strategic plan to attend to thoseRead MoreDoes Cedaw Make World Better Place For Women? Essay7028 Words   |  29 Pages Contact no.: 09415662408 Table of Contents Abstract †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Chapter 1: Introduction ....................................................... Chapter 2: Convention on the Elimination of All forms of Discrimination Against Women: An Brief Overview .................. 2.1 The CEDAW Framework 2.2 Fundamental Premises of the Women’s Convention 2.3 Need of Women Convention Importance of CEDAW Chapter 3: Applying Feminist Theory to CEDAW 3.1 LiberalRead MoreThesis on Empower Women Through Micro Credit Programmes18140 Words   |  73 Pagesthe microfinance field to look beyond these debates and trends and consider adopting new ‘participatory approaches’ to empowerment that will allow MFIs to create fundamental changes in gender relations while minimizing conflict with financial sustainability aims. It also encourages MFIs to ‘rethink’ many of the current program services in order to make them more empowering to women. Moreover, the paper presents a compelling case for why strategically planning for empowerment approaches is so crucialRead MoreHiv/Aids Summary of Research Study8804 Words   |  36 PagesAIDS cases reported, 71% (613) were males. Of the reported AIDS cases, 323 (38%) had already died at the time of case reporting. Sexual contact was the most common mode of HIV transmission, accounting for 93% (799) of all reported AIDS cases. The number of HIV cases continues its upward trend , with the latest figure in January 2011, there were 152 new HIV Ab sero-positive individuals confirmed by the STD/AIDS Cooperative Central Laboratory (SACCL) and reported to the HIV and AIDS Registry. This wasRead MoreThe Role of Financial Institutions in the Economic Development of Bangladesh11088 Words   |  45 Pages)   At the same time the machinery of government was also being rebuilt, replacing losses from the conflict and filling those roles previously provided by non-Bengalis under the National Government of Pakistan. NGO growth and multiplication As the numbers of NGOs increased rapidly, the amount of international aid funds coming to NGOs ballooned   from roughly [US]$150 million in 1990 to nearly [US]$450 million in 1995, the peak year of the decade to 2000 .Interestingly 1995 was also a peak year internationallyRead MoreMarketing Mix in the Technology Industry14998 Words   |  60 PagesImplemented PAGEREF _Toc323986520 h 14 HYPERLINK l _Toc3239865212.1.4 Pricing PAGEREF _Toc323986521 h 14 HYPERLINK l _Toc3239865222.1.4.1 Pricing Element Influence on Marketing Strategy PAGEREF _Toc323986522 h 14 HYPERLINK l _Toc3239865232.2 Current and Emerging Perspectives in Marketing PAGEREF _Toc323986523 h 15 HYPERLINK l _Toc3239865242.3 Technological Innovation PAGEREF _Toc323986524 h 18 HYPERLINK l _Toc3239865252.4 Customer Relationship Process PAGEREF _Toc323986525 h 20 HYPERLINK

“the Lottery” and “Hills Like White Elephants” Essay

â€Å"The Lottery† and â€Å"Hills like White Elephants† Regardless of the type of society people live in controversial topics and cowardly individuals can create conflict. The stories â€Å"The Lottery† by Shirley Jackson and â€Å"Hills like White Elephants† by Ernest Hemingway implement this concept. â€Å"The Lottery† is about a small town that holds an annual lottery in which the winner will be killed. â€Å"Hills like White Elephants† is the story of a couple’s discussion over the decision they must make of whether or not to terminate their pregnancy. The social controversies and the weak female characters in these stories are similar, although their social structure is very different. The social controversy depicted in â€Å"The Lottery† is murder and in â€Å"Hills†¦show more content†¦They are also not willing to protect their own children for fear of upsetting the other characters in the stories. Mrs. Hutchin son points the finger at her two children because they did not draw from the box. She puts them in harm’s way to save her husband, which is similar to Jig, who is willing to abort her baby to keep her lover. Mrs. Hutchinson never states her true feeling about the lottery until the very end when she is the one picked to be stoned to death. She states â€Å"it isn’t fair, it isn’t right† (Jackson. 54). It is the first time she voiced her opinion even though she felt this way all along. Lori Voth states in â€Å"Analysis of â€Å"The Lottery† â€Å"Jackson uses the protagonist, Mrs. Hutchinson, to show an individual consumed by hypocrisy and weakness†. She knew it was inhuman to murder someone but was too weak to say so. Jig also goes along with her lover, not for her own happiness but for his. She states â€Å"Then I’ll do it. Because I don’t care about me† (Hemingway. 200). She agrees to get an abortion even though it is not what she wants but what he wants. She is also too weak to tell him she wants to keep the baby. She is fearful of losing the man. Both women are cowardly. The differences between â€Å"The Lottery† and â€Å"Hills like White Elephants† are social structure in which they live. The people in â€Å"The Lottery† are traditional townsfolk. They are depicted as having traditional values. They have familiesShow MoreRelatedComparing The Lottery and Hills Like White Elephants Essay805 Words   |  4 PagesComparing â€Å"The Lottery† and â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† â€Å"The Lottery† written by Shirley Jackson is a story based off of its point of view, the story would not be told or understood in the same way if it was written in a different point of view. This story keeps the interest of its readers because it has a point of view where only the people in the story know whats going to happen and know more information than the readers do. If this story was written in first person the readers would knowRead MoreSummary Of Hills Like White Elephants 909 Words   |  4 Pages2015 Essay Responses to Short Stories Discuss possible symbolic representations in â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants†? In the story â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† the white elephant symbolizes a negative thing. No person would want anything to do with this. For example, the girl’s unborn child. In the beginning of the story the girl made a comment, and she said that the surrounding hills resemble white elephants. You may think the comment wasn’t unusual, but it really leads towards her talking aboutRead MoreSummary Of The Story Happy Endings 2524 Words   |  11 Pagesexperiencing a cathedral. Throughout the story, the unnamed narrator dislikes Robert and address him as â€Å"the blind man†. The narrator states some of his reasons on why he feels uncomfortable with Robert. One of them, the narrator declares that he does not like Robert for his blindness because blind people are led by dogs. The narrator’s despising comment establishes the situational irony in the story. The narrator does not realize that the person whom he thinks external guidance, guides him in drawing aRead MoreANALIZ TEXT INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS28843 Words   |  116 Pagesexplicitly dramatized or presented in an early scene or chapter. Some conflicts, in fact, are never made explicit and must be inferred by the reader from what the characters do or say as the plot unfolds (as, for example, in Ernest Hemingway’s â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants†). Conflict, then, is the basic opposition, or tension, that sets the plot in motion; it engages the reader, builds the suspens e or mystery of the work, and arouses expectation for the vents that are to follow. The plot of the traditionalRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 PagesCalifornia USA in 1993 with ISBN number 0-534-17688-7. When Wadsworth decided no longer to print the book, they returned their publishing rights to the original author, Bradley Dowden. The current version has been significantly revised. If you would like to suggest changes to the text, the author would appreciate your writing to him at dowden@csus.edu. iv Praise Comments on the earlier 1993 edition, published by Wadsworth Publishing Company, which is owned by Cengage Learning: There isRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesLoyalty Is an Outdated Concept 87 Questions for Review 88 Experiential Exercise What Factors Are Most Important to Your Job Satisfaction? 89 Ethical Dilemma Bounty Hunters 89 Case Incident 1 Long Hours, Hundreds of E-Mails, and No Sleep: Does This Sound Like a Satisfying Job? 90 Case Incident 2 Crafting a Better Job 91 4 Emotions and Moods 97 What Are Emotions and Moods? 98 The Basic Emotions 100 †¢ The Basic Moods: Positive and Negative Affect 100 †¢ The Function of Emotions 102 †¢ Sources ofRead MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 PagesHallam University and Visiting Professor, Northumbria University AMSTERDAM †¢ BOSTON †¢ HEIDELBERG †¢ LONDON †¢ NEW YORK †¢ OXFORD PARIS †¢ SAN DIEGO †¢ SAN FRANCISCO †¢ SINGAPORE †¢ SYDNEY †¢ TOKYO Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP 200 Wheeler Road, Burlington, MA 01803 First published 1992 Second edition 1997 Reprinted 1998, 1999, 2001, 2003 Third edition 2005 Copyright  © 1992, 1997, 2005, Richard M.S. Wilson and Colin Gilligan. All rights reserved The rightRead MoreMerger and Acquisition: Current Issues115629 Words   |  463 PagesChinese MA: A Look at Lenovo’s Acquisition of IBM PC Margaret Wang 16.1 16.2 16.3 16.4 16.5 Index Introduction History of Lenovo Lenovo’s acquisition of IBM PC After the merger Conclusion 249 249 249 250 253 255 259 Acknowledgments We would like to thank Stephen Rutt, Alexandra Dawe and Lisa von Fircks at Palgrave Macmillan for guiding us through the process. We also thank Keith Povey Editorial Services and his staff for the excellent work in editing this manuscript, and thanks also to a handful

The Consumer Complaint Behavior Free Essays

The consumer complaint behavior, CCB in short, is an area of research which deals with the identification and analysis of all the aspects involved in the consumer reaction to a product or a service failure and the consequent perceived dissatisfaction. A growing interest for CCB starts appearing toward the middle of the ’60s as a particular aspect of a general attention for consumer behaviors and attitudes. Consumer satisfaction, dissatisfaction and consumer complaint behavior, in particular, are three distinct, but highly correlated subjects investigated by marketing and consumer studies. We will write a custom essay sample on The Consumer Complaint Behavior or any similar topic only for you Order Now Real marketing problems can be considered at the origin of these studies. The growing competition in the market, the developing consumerism, the importance given to quality, performance and satisfaction, the emphasis given to customers, considered at the Centre of a product or of a service, bring researchers to inquiry about the complex mechanisms which determine customer satisfactions or dissatisfaction and what are the consequent consumer behaviors. At the same time, as the research is deeply rooted in real life, the findings of the studies are aimed at identifying and suggesting managerial and practical solutions directly applicable to markets or services. As far as CCB research is concerned, the main aspects investigated can be summarized according to the some questions. The proposed list is anything but exhaustive: 1. Why do people complain? 2. Why do people not complain? 3. To whom do people complain? 4. Facing an unsatisfactory product or service, what are the possible reactions available for a customer? . Are there any differences in CCB according to the product or the service investigated? Being a Customer Relationship Manager of a luxurious hotel in Penang I received a mail from Mr. Stanley. He and his family stayed at my hotel last week. He has complained that the quality of food served was not satisfactory, hotel staff very impolite and not helpful and his computer notebook and some cash was missing from his hotel room . Also he has criticized the hotel staff members that they do not listen to his complaint patiently. Firstly, I will send Mr. Stanley a letter of apologize and tell him about we will take further step even when full resolution is likely to take longer because fast acknowledgment remains very important and this action helps to build rapport with customer, the ? rst step in rebuilding a bruised relationship. In this letter I would not argue with Mr. Stanley and the goal should be to gather facts to reach a mutually acceptable solution, not to win a debate. Arguing gets in the way of listening and seldom diffuses anger. Next, I will show that I understand the problem from his point of view. Seeing situations through his eyes is the only way to understand what he thinks has gone wrong and why he is upset. Service personnel should avoid jumping to conclusions with his interpretations. Besides that, I have to clarify the truth and sort out the cause. Mr. Stanley says my hotel staffs are impolite, the food served is not satisfied and hotel members didn’t listen to his complaint, it may result from inefficiency of service, misunderstanding by Mr. Stanley, or the misbehavior of a hotel staff or third party. If I’ve done something wrong, I will apologize immediately. The more Mr. Stanley can forgive me, the less he will expect to be compensated. I would not be defensive because acting defensively may suggest that my hotel has something to hide or is reluctant to explore the situation fully. Furthermore, I will provide Mr. Stanley the bene? t of the doubt because not all customers are truthful and not all complaints are justi? ed. However, he should be treated as though they have a valid complaint until clear evidence to the contrary emerges. Because Mr. Stanley miss some cash money and computer notebook from his hotel room so careful investigation is warranted. Because the amount involved is not small, it may be worth haggling over a refund or other compensation. However, it’s still a good idea to check records to see if there is a past history of dubious complaints by the same customer. Propose the steps needed to solve the problem. When instant solutions aren’t possible, I will tell Mr. Stanley how my hotel plans to precede shows that corrective action is being taken. It also sets expectations about the time involved and I should be careful not to overpromise. I have to keep Mr. Stanley informed of progress because nobody likes being left in the dark and it may cause uncertainty breeds anxiety and stress. People tend to be more accepting of disruptions if they know what’s going on and receive periodic progress reports. Moreover, I have to consider compensation. When Mr. Stanley do not receive the service outcomes he believes he has paid for or have suffered serious inconvenience and loss of time and money because the service that hotel provide are failed to deliver to him, I might offer an unconditional money back guarantee and tell Mr. Stanley if at any point during the search process he is unhappy with progress, simply address the fact with us and if we are still not 100 percent satis? ed after that discussion, I will cheerfully and unconditionally refund every cent he has paid as a retainer. No quibble, no hassle, guaranteed period. This type of recovery strategy may also reduce the risk of legal action by an angry customer. Service guarantees often lay out in advance what such compensation will be, and hotel should ensure that all guarantees are met. Whatever is promised in the guarantee must be totally unconditional, and there should not be any element of surprise for the customer. The guarantee has to easy to understand and communicate to Mr. Stanley so that he is clearly aware of the bene? ts that can be gained from the guarantee. Meaningful to Mr. Stanley in that the guarantee is for something important to him and the compensation should be more than adequate to cover the service failure. Guarantee has made must easy to invoke It should be easy for the customer to invoke the guarantee and it also have to easy to collect on because If a service failure occurs, the customer should be able to easily collect on the guarantee without any problems. Lastly, guarantee has to be credible and be believable. Persevere to regain Mr. Stanley goodwill. When Mr. Stanley has been disappointed, one of the biggest challenges is to restore his confidence and preserve the relationship for the future. Perseverance may be required to defuse is anger and to convince him that actions are being taken to avoid a recurrence of the problem. Truly exceptional recovery efforts can be extremely effective in building loyalty and referrals. Also I will check the service delivery system and pursue eminence. Because Mr. Stanley has left, I should check to determine whether the service failure was caused by accidental mistakes or system defects. I need to take advantage of every complaint from Mr. Stanley to perfect the whole service system. Even if the complaint is found to be a result of a misunderstanding by Mr. Stanley, this implies that some part of my communication system is ineffective. But while we discussed the importance of professional complaint handling and service recovery, we have to acknowledge that not all complaints are honest. When ? rms have generous service recovery policies or offer guarantees, there is always the fear that some customers may take advantage. Also, not all complaining customers are right or reasonable in their behavior, and some may actually be the cause of complaints by other customers. We refer to such people as jaycustomers. Every service has its share of jaycustomers. Jaycustomers are undesirable. At best, a ? rm should avoid attracting them in the ? st place, and at worst, a ? rm needs to control or prevent their abusive behavior. Let us ? rst describe the main types of jaycustomers before we discuss how to deal with them. De? ning a problem is the ? rst step in resolving it, so let’s start by considering the different types of jaycustomers. I’ve identi? ed seven broad categories. The Cheat – There are many way s in which customers can cheat service ? rms. Cheating ranges from writing compensation letters with the sole purpose of exploiting service recovery policies and cheating on service guarantees, to in? ating or faking insurance claims and â€Å"ward robing†. The Thief – Those customers who always wishes to payless or not to pay, these may be like travelling in public transport freely, or not paying restaurant bills and others – firms to be prevented from such customers use many tips because if company is not taking actions against such people; other customers would also have intentions to behave in such manners. The Rulebreaker – Those customers who don’t obey rules of company or country like breaking traffic rules – even though it costs them sometimes a lot but they do because they feel pleasure in behaving such manners†¦. Company should ensure that rules are to be followed. The Belligerent – Expresses resentment, use to abuse employees verbally or even physically. It causes demotivation of employees if company doesn’t react upon such customers because for everyone in this world SELF RESPECT is most important thing, Guards/Security are their best solutions, Company should also guide their Front line staff to deal with such uncertain circumstances†¦ The Family Feuders – Customers who gets in detailed arguments with other customers about company of any kind. The Vandal – Those customers who always makes hurdle for company like pouring water in ATM, writing on walls, in cybercafes deleting windows files or other software. The Deadbeat – These are not like thief but close to them, these are those who pays the amount but after creating such problems for company, like I’ll pay tomorrow, they know that they have to pay but they try to delay as much as they can. Encouraging customer feedback provides an important means of increasing customer satisfaction and retention. It is an opportunity to get into the hearts and minds of the customer. In all but the worst instances, complaining customers are indicating that they want to continue their relationship with the firm, but they are also indicating that all is not well and that they expect the company to make things right. Here, service firms need to develop effective strategies to recover from service failures so they can maintain customer goodwill. That is vital for the long-term success of the company. Having professional and generous service recovery systems does not mean â€Å"the customer is always right† and that the ? rm is open to customer abuse. Rather, it is important for the bene? t of all too effectively deal with jaycustomers. (1782 words) References www. google. com www. wikipidea. org http://deni9ek. blogstudent. mb. ipb. ac. id/files/2011/12/CHAPTER-13-CASE-3. pdf http://www. scribd. com/doc/51888732/Services-Marketing-Lovelock-Wirtz-Chaterjee-Ch-13 How to cite The Consumer Complaint Behavior, Papers

English Vowel Reduction by Korean Learners free essay sample

English unstressed reduced vowels, such as schwa [? ] and barred-i [? ], have phonetic features that are distinct from other vowels. Phonetic features of those vowels are reduced in duration and vowel quality (F1 and F2). Schwa [? ] occurs in a word-final position like Rosa as a mid central reduced vowel and barred-i [? ] occurs in a non-final position like roses as a high central reduced vowel (Flemming Johnson 2007). In contrast to English, there is no stress in Korean phonological system and thus stress-related vowel reduction phenomenon does not arise in Korean. Moreover, /? / and /? that are similar to English unstressed vowels ([? ], [? ]) exist as full vowels in Korean. This different prosodic system provides Korean learners of English with difficulty to accurately produce English unstressed vowels (McAllister, Fledge, Piske 2002). The aim of this paper is three fold. The first is to see whether English unstressed reduced vowels spoken by Korean speakers are different from those spoken by native speakers in terms of schwa [? ]. We will write a custom essay sample on English Vowel Reduction by Korean Learners or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The second is to see whether English unstressed reduced vowels spoken by Korean speakers are different from those spoken by native speakers in terms of barred-i [? . The third is to investigate the gap of the mean duration between stressed and unstressed vowels produced by native and Korean speakers. For the analysis, four native speakers of American English and twelve native speakers of Korean participated in this experiment. The number of data is 57 and all subjects read data with three repetitions in a carrier phrase. This experiment yielded 2736 observations (16 subjects * 57 words * 3 repetitions). The results showed that Korean speakers were not nativelike in English vowel reduction. As for schwa, native speakers produced unstressed reduced vowels in a word-final position in mid central reduced way, while unstressed vowels in this position spoken by Korean learners of English speakers were widely dispersed in vowel space and not reduced in nativelike way. As for barred-i, native speakers produced unstressed vowels in a non-final position in high central reduced way. However, unstressed vowels produced by Korean learners of English were not reduced in nativelike way, with small dispersion. This is because Korean speakers tended to produce unstressed vowels, spelled e, similarly with high front vowel /i/. Even unstressed vowels, spelled a, realized nearly as low back vowel /? / for Korean beginners of English. Korean learners also made less difference in duration between stressed and unstressed vowels than native speakers, suggesting that Korean learners had longer duration for reduced vowels than native speakers. These results supported the evidence that Korean learners of English have difficulty in acquiring phonetic features of English vowel reduction, basically ascribable to stress.